格式指南
原始的网络 3D 标准 — 颜色网格、场景层次结构和纹理映射，用于交互式虚拟世界。
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| Extension | .wrl |
|---|---|
| Full name | Virtual Reality Modeling Language |
| Standard | ISO 14772 |
| Geometry type | Indexed face set (polygon mesh) |
| Open standard | Yes |
| Supports color | Yes — per-face and per-vertex |
| Supports textures | Yes |
| Successor | X3D |
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) was standardized as ISO 14772 in 1994. It stores polygon meshes with color, UV coordinates, lights, cameras and basic animation. Its XML-based successor X3D is the current ISO standard. VRML remains in use in industrial visualization for color-coded CAD models.
Engineers export VRML to share color-coded CAD models (FEA stress maps, heat maps) with colleagues without CAD software.
Many PDM and PLM systems support VRML as a lightweight review format.
VRML is used in finite element analysis, medical imaging and geographic information systems.
SolidWorks, CATIA, FreeCAD, Rhino, MeshLab, ParaView, Cortona3D viewer and InstantReality.
常见的转换：从 STEP 或 IGES 转换用于彩色可视化、转为 STL 用于 3D 打印（会丢失颜色），或转为 glTF/GLB 用于现代 Web 3D 查看器。