Enciclopedia dei formati file CAD

La guida completa a 15 formati di file CAD 3D e mesh — cosa memorizzano, dove vengono utilizzati e come convertire tra loro.

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Sfoglia tutti i 15 formati

📐
STEP .stp .step Solid / NURBS

Industry standard for precise 3D solid model exchange between CAD systems.

🗂
IGES .igs .iges NURBS surfaces

Legacy NURBS surface format widely supported by aerospace and older CAD systems.

🖨
STL .stl Mesh — 3D printing

The universal 3D printing format — simple triangle meshes readable by every slicer on the market.

🎨
OBJ .obj Mesh + UV

Versatile mesh format with UV texture coordinates — the go-to for rendering and visualization.

📦
3MF .3mf Mesh + color + metadata

Modern 3D printing format with color, material, and multi-part support — better than STL in every way.

🌐
glTF / GLB .gltf .glb Mesh + PBR — web/AR

The web standard for 3D — PBR materials, compact size, and native AR/VR support.

🎮
FBX .fbx Mesh + animation

The game and VFX industry standard for animated assets — mesh, skeleton, and animation in one file.

🌍
VRML .wrl Mesh + color — web 3D

Early web 3D standard — color meshes and scene hierarchy for virtual worlds and industrial viewers.

DXF .dxf 2D/3D — CAD/CNC

Autodesk universal CAD exchange format for 2D drawings, laser cutting, and lightweight 3D geometry.

🧊
PLY .ply Mesh + attributes

Stanford polygon format with per-vertex attributes — ideal for point clouds and 3D scan data.

🔧
BREP .brep .brp Solid / NURBS — OCC

OpenCASCADE native exact-geometry format — the foundation for FreeCAD and OCC-based CAD tools.

🤖
Collada DAE .dae XML scene format

XML-based scene format with animations and materials — used in game pipelines and robotic simulation.

🧱
AMF .amf Mesh + color + material

ISO-standard XML format for 3D printing with color, curved triangles, and multi-material support.

💻
X3D .x3d XML — interactive web 3D

XML successor to VRML — interactive web 3D with animations and scripted behaviors.

🧪
OFF .off Mesh — research

Minimal ASCII mesh format for computational geometry research and mesh processing tools.

🏢
DWG .dwg 2D/3D — AutoCAD native

Formato nativo di AutoCAD. Disegni 2D e modelli 3D utilizzati in architettura, ingegneria e costruzioni.

📱
USD / USDZ .usd .usdz Scene — Apple AR / Pixar

Formato scena di Pixar. USDZ alimenta Apple AR Quick Look, Vision Pro e pipeline VFX professionali.

Confronto formati

Format Type Open Exact geometry Color Animation Best for
STEP Solid / NURBS AP214+ Engineering exchange, archival
IGES NURBS surfaces Limited Legacy CAD, aerospace
STL Triangle mesh 3D printing, CNC
OBJ Polygon mesh Via MTL Rendering, visualization
3MF Triangle mesh Color 3D printing, additive mfg
glTF / GLB Triangle mesh PBR Web 3D, AR/VR, e-commerce
FBX Polygon mesh Game engines, VFX, animation
VRML Polygon mesh Industrial review, color sharing
DXF 2D/3D mixed Partial CAD drawings, laser cutting
PLY Polygon mesh 3D scanning, point clouds
BREP Solid / NURBS FreeCAD, OCCT tools
DAE XML scene ROS/Gazebo, SketchUp
AMF XML mesh Multi-material 3D printing
X3D XML scene Web documentation, e-learning
OFF Polygon mesh COFF variant Research, geometry processing
DWG 2D/3D mixed AutoCAD drawings, AEC
USD / USDZ Scene graph PBR Apple AR, VFX, e-commerce

Hai bisogno di convertire tra questi formati?

3D CAD Converter gestisce tutti i 15 formati in batch. Trascina una cartella, scegli il formato di output, fai clic su Converti.

Scarica la versione di prova

Prova gratuita di 30 giorni. Nessuna carta di credito richiesta. Windows 10/11.